How to format your references using the Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Darnell JC. Molecular biology. Ribosome rescue and neurodegeneration. Science 2014; 345: 378–379.

A journal article with 2 authors

DeMeo FE, Carry B. Solar System evolution from compositional mapping of the asteroid belt. Nature 2014; 505: 629–634.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sidhu ABS, Verdier-Pinard D, Fidock DA. Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites conferred by pfcrt mutations. Science 2002; 298: 210–213.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kraytsberg Y, Schwartz M, Brown TA, Ebralidse K, Kunz WS, Clayton DA et al. Recombination of human mitochondrial DNA. Science 2004; 304: 981.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lalanne C. Mechanical Shock. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2014.

An edited book

Mróz Z, Stavroulakis GE (eds.). Parameter Identification of Materials and Structures. Springer: Vienna, 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Becvar DS. Facilitating Family Resilience in Clinical Practice. In: Becvar DS (ed). Handbook of Family Resilience. Springer: New York, NY, 2013, pp 51–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases.

Blog post

Hamilton K. The US Needs To Improve Its Science Literacy, Says Astronaut Mae Jemison. IFLScience. 2016.https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-us-needs-to-improve-its-science-literacy-says-astronaut-mae-jemison/ (accessed 30 Oct2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Earth Observing System: Information on NASA’s Incorporation of Existing Data Into EOSDIS. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Beck RE. Examining the relationship between self-initiated expatriation and cross-cultural adjustment among expatriate spouses within nonprofit organizations: A quantitative causal-comparative study. 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mueller B, Rashbaum WK. Before Times Sq. Crash, A String of Legal Issues And a Fall Into Paranoia. New York Times. 2017; : A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases
Abbreviation	Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis.
ISSN (print)	1365-7852
ISSN (online)	1476-5608
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology Urology