How to format your references using the Progress in Retinal and Eye Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Downie, J.A., 2007. Plant science. Infectious heresy. Science 316, 1296–1297.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ronald, P.C., Beutler, B., 2010. Plant and animal sensors of conserved microbial signatures. Science 330, 1061–1064.

A journal article with 3 authors

Carbone, F., Kwon, O.-H., Zewail, A.H., 2009. Dynamics of chemical bonding mapped by energy-resolved 4D electron microscopy. Science 325, 181–184.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Schumacher, M.A., Piro, K.M., Xu, W., Hansen, S., Lewis, K., Brennan, R.G., 2009. Molecular mechanisms of HipA-mediated multidrug tolerance and its neutralization by HipB. Science 323, 396–401.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sehgal, V., 2011. Supply Chain as Strategic Asset. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bramer, M. (Ed.), 2009. Artificial Intelligence An International Perspective: An International Perspective, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Lotke, P.A., Simon, R.G., 2006. Flexion Contracture in Total Knee Arthroplasty, in: Scuderi, G.R., Tria, A.J. (Eds.), Knee Arthroplasty Handbook: Techniques in Total Knee and Revision Arthroplasty. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 57–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Retinal and Eye Research.

Blog post

Evans, K., 2016. Adélie Penguins Have An Appetite For Jellyfish With Giant Gonads [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/adlie-penguins-have-an-appetite-for-jellyfish-with-giant-gonads/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2016. Highway Trust Fund: Administrative Expenses of the Federal Highway Administration (No. GAO-16-631R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Avila, R., 2017. Support and Resources for Homeless Families: A Grant Proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S., 2003. New Kirov Home in Golden Glass. New York Times E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Downie, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Downie, 2007; Ronald and Beutler, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ronald and Beutler, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Schumacher et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
Abbreviation	Prog. Retin. Eye Res.
ISSN (print)	1350-9462
Scope	Ophthalmology Sensory Systems