How to format your references using the Progress in Orthodontics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Orthodontics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Wolfe JM. Neuroscience. Watching single cells pay attention. Science. 2005;308:503–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Gorbunova YV, Spitzer NC. Dynamic interactions of cyclic AMP transients and spontaneous Ca(2+) spikes. Nature. 2002;418:93–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Hare TA, Camerer CF, Rangel A. Self-control in decision-making involves modulation of the vmPFC valuation system. Science. 2009;324:646–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Domergue R, Castaño I, De Las Peñas A, Zupancic M, Lockatell V, Hebel JR, et al. Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI. Science. 2005;308:866–70.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Oden JT. An Introduction to Mathematical Modeling. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Scadding GK, Bull PD, Graham JM, editors. Pediatric ENT. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Stańczak S, Wiczanowski M, Boche H. Network Model. In: Wiczanowski M, Boche H, editors. Fundamentals of Resource Allocation in Wireless Networks: Theory and Algorithms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 85–117.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Orthodontics.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Dam It: Hydroelectric Power Plants Are Releasing Huge Amounts Of Greenhouse Gases [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/dam-it-hydroelectric-power-plants-are-releasing-huge-amounts-of-greenhouse-gases/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Leadership and Systems Needed to Effect Financial Management Improvements. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002 Mar. Report No.: GAO-02-551T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Hinchey BA. Punishing the Penitent: Disproportionate Fines in Recent FCPA Enforcements and Suggested Improvements [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Rothenberg B. ‘Biggest Fight’ Behind Her, Kvitova Returns Ahead of Schedule. New York Times. 2017 May 26;D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Orthodontics
Abbreviation	Prog. Orthod.
ISSN (online)	2196-1042
Scope