How to format your references using the Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. Parham, Immunology. NK cells lose their inhibition, Science 305 (2004) 786–787.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. Bland-Hawthorn, P.J.E. Peebles, Astronomy. Near-field cosmology, Science 313 (2006) 311–312.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S.K. Eswaramoorthy, J.M. Howe, G. Muralidharan, In situ determination of the nanoscale chemistry and behavior of solid-liquid systems, Science 318 (2007) 1437–1440.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M.J. Crawley, S.L. Brown, R.S. Hails, D.D. Kohn, M. Rees, Transgenic crops in natural habitats, Nature 409 (2001) 682–683.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J.M. Flood, Practitioner’s Guide to GAAS 2014, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

J. Romanowska, Developing Leadership and Employee Health Through the Arts: Improving Leader-Employee Relationships, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

G.O. Ihejirika, Antifungal Properties of Plant Extract and Density on Some Fungal Diseases and Yield of Cowpea, in: A. Gurib-Fakim, J.N. Eloff (Eds.), Chemistry for Sustainable Development in Africa, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 69–78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Algae Virus Can Infect Humans And Slow Brain Activity, IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Competition: Issues on Establishing and Using Federally Funded Research and Development Centers, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

B. Niedringhaus, Best Practice in Early Reading Intervention: Implementing a Reading Intervention Program to Reach Below Level Readers, Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

G. Vecsey, Success and Scandal Can Leave Everyone Weary, New York Times (2011) SP7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Abbreviation	Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc.
ISSN (print)	0079-6565
Scope	Biochemistry Analytical Chemistry Spectroscopy Nuclear and High Energy Physics