How to format your references using the Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rokas A. Genomics. Genomics and the tree of life. Science. 2006;313(5795):1897-1899.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tanaka M, Sackmann E. Polymer-supported membranes as models of the cell surface. Nature. 2005;437(7059):656-663.

A journal article with 3 authors

Duthie C, Gibbs G, Burns KC. Seed dispersal by weta. Science. 2006;311(5767):1575.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Walther P, Resch KJ, Rudolph T, et al. Experimental one-way quantum computing. Nature. 2005;434(7030):169-176.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Denison E, Ren GY. Luke Him Sau Architect. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Jacko JA, ed. Human-Computer Interaction. Users and Applications: 14th International Conference, HCI International 2011, Orlando, FL, USA, July 9-14, 2011, Proceedings, Part IV. Vol 6764. Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Del Moral P, Rémillard B, Rubenthaler S. Monte Carlo Approximations of American Options that Preserve Monotonicity and Convexity. In: Carmona RA, Del Moral P, Hu P, Oudjane N, eds. Numerical Methods in Finance: Bordeaux, June 2010. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics. Springer; 2012:115-143.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases.

Blog post

Fang J. Researchers Discover Extra DNA Base. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Funding: The Federal Highway Administration’s Funding Apportionment Model. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ryan BA. Computer-Based Versus Paper-Pencil Modes of Administration United States Government End of Course Exams: Student Cumulative Grade Point Averages as Predictors of Success. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C. Elaborate Measures Try to Tame Turbulence. New York Times. March 1, 2016:TR5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
Abbreviation	Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis.
ISSN (print)	0033-0620
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine