How to format your references using the Procedia Materials Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Procedia Materials Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

S. Gupta, Avoiding ambiguity, Nature 412 (2001) 589.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

T.Q. Gentner, D. Margoliash, Neuronal populations and single cells representing learned auditory objects, Nature 424 (2003) 669–674.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J.-P. Valet, L. Meynadier, Y. Guyodo, Geomagnetic dipole strength and reversal rate over the past two million years, Nature 435 (2005) 802–805.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

T. Warne, M.J. Serrano-Vega, J.G. Baker, R. Moukhametzianov, P.C. Edwards, R. Henderson, A.G.W. Leslie, C.G. Tate, G.F.X. Schertler, Structure of a beta1-adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptor, Nature 454 (2008) 486–491.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Ventre, Information Warfare, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

A. König, A. Dengel, K. Hinkelmann, K. Kise, R.J. Howlett, L.C. Jain, eds., Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems: 15th International Conference, KES 2011, Kaiserslautern, Germany, September 12-14, 2011, Proceedings, Part IV, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

C. Carroll, A. Booth, D. Papaioannou, A. Sutton, Experiences of E-Learning and Its Delivery Among Learners Who Work: A Systematic Review, in: R.F. Poell, M. van Woerkom (Eds.), Supporting Workplace Learning: Towards Evidence-Based Practice, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2011: pp. 47–67.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Procedia Materials Science.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Densely Populated Countries Could Find Food Independence With Vertical Floating Farms, IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Telecommunications: FCC Needs to Improve Its Ability to Monitor and Determine the Extent of Competition in Dedicated Access Services, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K.T. Dotson, Smoke points of microgravity and normal gravity coflow diffusion flames, Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Protess, A. Stevenson, S.E.C. Chief Among First to Plan Exit, New York Times (2016) B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Procedia Materials Science
ISSN (print)	2211-8128
Scope