How to format your references using the Procedia Materials Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Procedia Materials Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

T.P. Sakmar, Biochemistry. Redder than red, Science 338 (2012) 1299–1300.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R. Losick, C. Desplan, Stochasticity and cell fate, Science 320 (2008) 65–68.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

T.L. McGaha, B. Sorrentino, J.V. Ravetch, Restoration of tolerance in lupus by targeted inhibitory receptor expression, Science 307 (2005) 590–593.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

C. Su, D. Evans, R.H. Cole, J.C. Kissinger, J.W. Ajioka, L.D. Sibley, Recent expansion of Toxoplasma through enhanced oral transmission, Science 299 (2003) 414–416.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

O. Anaya-Lara, D. Campos-Gaona, E. Moreno-Goytia, G. Adam, Offshore Wind Energy Generation, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

S.M. Fatemi, ed., Critical Mindfulness: Exploring Langerian Models, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Holtappels, M. Striewe, M. Goedicke, From ESSENCE to Theory Oriented Software Engineering, in: R.M. Freivalds, G. Engels, B. Catania (Eds.), SOFSEM 2016: Theory and Practice of Computer Science: 42nd International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, Harrachov, Czech Republic, January 23-28, 2016, Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2016: pp. 43–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Procedia Materials Science.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Brain Scans Can Now Detect If You’re In Love, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Head Start: Further Development Could Allow Results of New Test to Be Used for Decision Making, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

P. Moua, Differential functions of the kinesin-1 tail in Drosophila melanogaster transport processes, Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.J.O. Murphy, A Game That Turned Nixon Into a Factoid, New York Times (2010) WK2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Procedia Materials Science
ISSN (print)	2211-8128
Scope