How to format your references using the Population, Space and Place citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Population, Space and Place. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stone R. 2000. EASTERN EUROPE: Serbian University Law Causes Turmoil. Science (New York, N.Y.) 290: 691

A journal article with 2 authors

Kalia J, Swartz KJ. 2013. Exploring structure-function relationships between TRP and Kv channels. Scientific reports 3: 1523

A journal article with 3 authors

Umemoto K, Wentzcovitch RM, Allen PB. 2006. Dissociation of MgSiO3 in the cores of gas giants and terrestrial exoplanets. Science (New York, N.Y.) 311: 983–986

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Beeson TD, Mastracchio A, Hong J-B, Ashton K, Macmillan DWC. 2007. Enantioselective organocatalysis using SOMO activation. Science (New York, N.Y.) 316: 582–585

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lau VKN, Ricky Kwok Y-K. 2006. Channel-Adaptive Technologies and Cross-Layer Designs for Wireless Systems with Multiple Antennas. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Mikulski J (ed.). 2014. Telematics - Support for Transport: 14th International Conference on Transport Systems Telematics, TST 2014, Katowice/Kraków/Ustroń, Poland, October 22-25, 2014. Selected Papers. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Sahayaraj K, Balasubramanian R. 2016. Gut Autochthonous Microbes and Their Enzyme Profile. In Artificial Rearing of Reduviid Predators for Pest Management, Balasubramanian R (ed.).Springer: Singapore; 85–102.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Population, Space and Place.

Blog post

Hale T. 2015. Man Told He Has ‘30 Minutes To Live’ After Doctors Discover Tapeworm In His Brain. IFLScience Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/man-told-he-has-30-minutes-live-after-doctors-discover-tapeworm-his-brain/ [Accessed 30 October 2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2012. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education: Survey of Federal Programs (GAO-12-110SP, January 2012), an E-supplement to GAO-12-108. GAO-12-110SP. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Collins L. 2009. A community risk assessment of the 90062 zip code.Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Detrick B. 2016. Paul’s Casablanca. New York Times: D9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stone, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Stone, 2000; Kalia and Swartz, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kalia and Swartz, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Beeson et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Population, Space and Place
Abbreviation	Popul. Space Place
ISSN (print)	1544-8444
ISSN (online)	1544-8452
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Demography