How to format your references using the Polymer Bulletin citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Polymer Bulletin. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Covington M (2005) Applied physics. A ringing confirmation of spintronics theory. Science 307:215–216

A journal article with 2 authors

Heyes CM, Frith CD (2014) The cultural evolution of mind reading. Science 344:1243091

A journal article with 3 authors

Vajda V, Raine JI, Hollis CJ (2001) Indication of global deforestation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by New Zealand fern spike. Science 294:1700–1702

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xu D, Lu H, Chu G, et al (2014) 500-year climate cycles stacking of recent centennial warming documented in an East Asian pollen record. Sci Rep 4:3611

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Horrocks G (2010) Greek. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Wang JG (2016) Financing without Bank Loans: New Alternatives for Funding SMEs in China. Springer, Singapore

A chapter in an edited book

Ingolfo S, Siena A, Mylopoulos J (2011) Establishing Regulatory Compliance for Software Requirements. In: Jeusfeld M, Delcambre L, Ling T-W (eds) Conceptual Modeling – ER 2011: 30th International Conference, ER 2011, Brussels, Belgium, October 31 - November 3, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 47–61

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Polymer Bulletin.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) Why Can’t We See Stars In Space Photographs? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) Public Transportation: Survey of Project Sponsors on Their Transit Projects and Experience with the Federal Transit Administration’s New Starts and Small Starts Programs (GAO-07-927SP, July 2007), an E-supplement to GAO-07-917. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Otarola AC (2008) The effects of turbulence in an absorbing atmosphere on the propagation of microwave signals used in an active sounding system. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rojas R, Southall A (2015) 5 From Baruch College Face Murder Charges in 2013 Fraternity Hazing. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Polymer Bulletin
Abbreviation	Polym. Bull. (Berl.)
ISSN (print)	0170-0839
ISSN (online)	1436-2449
Scope	General Chemistry Materials Chemistry Polymers and Plastics Condensed Matter Physics