How to format your references using the Phytopathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Phytopathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pogue, B. W. 2014. Technology: ultrafast imaging takes on a new design. Nature 516:46–47.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mendelsohn, M. E., and Karas, R. H. 2005. Molecular and cellular basis of cardiovascular gender differences. Science 308:1583–1587.

A journal article with 3 authors

O’Connor, J. E., Duda, J. J., and Grant, G. E. 2015. Ecology. 1000 dams down and counting. Science 348:496–497.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Schlesinger, M. E., Ramankutty, N., Andronova, N., Margolis, M., and Kerr, R. A. 2000. Temperature oscillations in the north atlantic. Science 289:547b–8b.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mishra, A. R. 2010. Cellular Technologies for Emerging Markets. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Giese, H., Karsai, G., Lee, E., Rumpe, B., and Schätz, B., eds. 2010. Model-Based Engineering of Embedded Real-Time Systems: International Dagstuhl Workshop, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, November 4-9, 2007. Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hoenicke, J., and Podelski, A. 2015. Fairness for Infinitary Control. In Correct System Design: Symposium in Honor of Ernst-Rüdiger Olderog on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, Oldenburg, Germany, September 8-9, 2015, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, eds. Roland Meyer, André Platzer, and Heike Wehrheim. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 33–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Phytopathology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2016. The Hefty Price Of ‘Study Drug’ Misuse On College Campuses. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/hefty-price-study-drug-misuse-college-campuses/ (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2009. Transportation Programs: Challenges Facing the Department of Transportation and Congress. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kim, H. 2008. Linkages Between Career Development and Career Technical Education Outcomes Among High Schools in New Jersey. .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mallozzi, V. M. 2017. For a Bride’s Dying Father, a Wedding Built in 24 Hours. New York Times ST10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pogue 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Mendelsohn and Karas 2005; Pogue 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mendelsohn and Karas 2005)
Three or more authors: (Schlesinger et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Phytopathology
Abbreviation	Phytopathology
ISSN (print)	0031-949X
ISSN (online)	1943-7684
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Plant Science