How to format your references using the Physics and Chemistry of Minerals citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Physics and Chemistry of Minerals. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Weaver RL (2005) Geophysics. Information from seismic noise. Science 307:1568–1569

A journal article with 2 authors

Geissler PW, Okwaro F (2014) Developing world: Discuss inequality. Nature 513:303

A journal article with 3 authors

Dong H, Wen B, Melnik R (2014) Relative importance of grain boundaries and size effects in thermal conductivity of nanocrystalline materials. Sci Rep 4:7037

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Allen EA, Pasley BN, Duong T, Freeman RD (2007) Transcranial magnetic stimulation elicits coupled neural and hemodynamic consequences. Science 317:1918–1921

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety (2015) Guidelines for Defining Process Safety Competency Requirements. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Kolman E (2009) Knowledge-Based Neurocomputing: A Fuzzy Logic Approach. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Schäfer M (2012) Risk Analysis and Software Integrity Protection for 4G Network Elements in ASMONIA. In: Ortmeier F, Daniel P (eds) Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security: 31st International Conference, SAFECOMP 2012, Magdeburg, Germany, September 25-28, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 49–61

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Physics and Chemistry of Minerals.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) What Is The Largest Known Object In The Universe? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/what-largest-object-universe/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Financial Management: Briefing on the Federal Aviation Administration’s Inventory Accountability. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bennett AL (2019) An Empirical Longitudinal Analysis of Agile Methodologies and Firm Financial Performance. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Erlanger S (2017) ‘Brexit’ Talks Open in Brussels, With a Mountain for Britain and Europe to Climb. New York Times A9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Weaver 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Weaver 2005; Geissler and Okwaro 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Geissler and Okwaro 2014)
Three or more authors: (Allen et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Physics and Chemistry of Minerals
Abbreviation	Phys. Chem. Miner.
ISSN (print)	0342-1791
ISSN (online)	1432-2021
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology General Materials Science