How to format your references using the Photosynthesis Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Photosynthesis Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Butterworth A (2014) The moral problem with commercial seal hunting. Nature 509:9

A journal article with 2 authors

Tester M, Langridge P (2010) Breeding technologies to increase crop production in a changing world. Science 327:818–822

A journal article with 3 authors

Su W, Bagshaw CR, Burley GA (2013) Addressable and unidirectional energy transfer along a DNA three-way junction programmed by pyrrole-imidazole polyamides. Sci Rep 3:1883

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lu K, Heng X, Garyu L, et al (2011) NMR detection of structures in the HIV-1 5’-leader RNA that regulate genome packaging. Science 334:242–245

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Exposito E, Diop C (2014) Smart SOA Platforms in Cloud Computing Architectures. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Fitt AD, Norbury J, Ockendon H, Wilson E (eds) (2010) Progress in Industrial Mathematics at ECMI 2008. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Mitsche D, Saad G, Saia J (2013) The Power of Mediation in an Extended El Farol Game. In: Vöcking B (ed) Algorithmic Game Theory: 6th International Symposium, SAGT 2013, Aachen, Germany, October 21-23, 2013. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 50–61

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Photosynthesis Research.

Blog post

Luntz S (2017) Pores On The “Platypus Of Microbiology” May Reveal How Complex Life Evolved. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/pores-on-the-platypus-of-microbiology-may-reveal-how-complex-life-evolved/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Aviation Workforce: Current and Future Availability of Aviation Engineering and Maintenance Professionals. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rhoads EP (2006) Knowledge management practices in U.S. federal agencies: The catalyst for E-Government transformation. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW, Goodnough A (2011) Edging Toward Default. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Butterworth 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Tester and Langridge 2010; Butterworth 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tester and Langridge 2010)
Three or more authors: (Lu et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Photosynthesis Research
Abbreviation	Photosynth. Res.
ISSN (print)	0166-8595
ISSN (online)	1573-5079
Scope	Plant Science Biochemistry Cell Biology General Medicine