How to format your references using the Philosophical Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Philosophical Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
Travesset, A. (2011). Materials science. Self-assembly enters the design era. Science (New York, N.Y.), 334(6053), 183–184.
A journal article with 2 authors
Head, J. J., & Polly, P. D. (2015). Evolution of the snake body form reveals homoplasy in amniote Hox gene function. Nature, 520(7545), 86–89.
A journal article with 3 authors
Kasting, J. F., Catling, D. C., & Zahnle, K. (2012). Atmospheric oxygenation and volcanism. Nature, 487(7408), E1; discussion E2.
A journal article with 8 or more authors
Prochnik, S. E., Umen, J., Nedelcu, A. M., Hallmann, A., Miller, S. M., Nishii, I., et al. (2010). Genomic analysis of organismal complexity in the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri. Science (New York, N.Y.), 329(5988), 223–226.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
Baker, K. R. (2011). Optimization Modeling with Spreadsheets. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An edited book
Menon, M. E., Terkla, D. G., & Gibbs, P. (Eds.). (2014). Using Data to Improve Higher Education: Research, Policy and Practice. Rotterdam: SensePublishers.
A chapter in an edited book
Schreiber, F. A., & Roveri, M. (2015). Sensors and Wireless Sensor Networks as Data Sources: Models and Languages. In F. Colace, M. De Santo, V. Moscato, A. Picariello, F. A. Schreiber, & L. Tanca (Eds.), Data Management in Pervasive Systems (pp. 69–92). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Philosophical Studies.

Blog post
Andrews, R. (2015, October 26). Scientists Reveal How Gold Hitches A Ride Up To The Earth’s Crust. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/scientists-reveal-how-gold-hitches-ride-earths-crust/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
Government Accountability Office. (1994). Health, Education, Employment, and Income Security Reports (No. HEHS-94-96W). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
Moore, J. (2012). Recall after conscious sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures and its effect on patient satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
McKINLEY, J. C., Jr. (2017, May 3). Man Gets Maximum Sentence in Bus Driver’s Death. New York Times, p. A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Travesset 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Head and Polly 2015; Travesset 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

  • Two authors: (Head and Polly 2015)
  • Three or more authors: (Prochnik et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal titlePhilosophical Studies
AbbreviationPhilos. Stud.
ISSN (print)0031-8116
ISSN (online)1573-0883
ScopePhilosophy

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