How to format your references using the Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Savage N. Physiology: Beating stroke. Nature. 2013 Jan;493(7434):S12-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sherman G, Visscher PK. Honeybee colonies achieve fitness through dancing. Nature. 2002 Oct;419(6910):920–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schliekelman P, Garner C, Slatkin M. Natural selection and resistance to HIV. Nature. 2001 May;411(6837):545–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wang S, Cui L, Hao S, Jiang D, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Locality and rapidity of the ultra-large elastic deformation of Nb nanowires in a NiTi phase-transforming matrix. Sci Rep. 2014 Oct;4:6753.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ryan TP. Statistical Methods for Quality Improvement: Ryan/Quality Improvement 3E. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Carlson DL, Albright J, editors. Composing a Care of the Self: A Critical History of Writing Assessment in Secondary English Education. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Corbineau P. A Declarative Language for the Coq Proof Assistant. In: Miculan M, Scagnetto I, Honsell F, editors. Types for Proofs and Programs: International Conference, TYPES 2007, Cividale des Friuli, Italy, May 2-5, 2007 Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008; pp 69–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmacology.

Blog post

Hale T. Male Peacocks Spend Most Their Time Checking Out Guys And Ignoring Females [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 Mar [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/male-peacocks-spend-most-their-time-checking-out-guys-and-ignoring-females/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Small Businesses Are More Active as Inventors Than as Innovators in the Innovation Process. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mayo J. Rates and factors associated with child maltreatment recurrence for children from birth to 5 years of age in Ventura County. 2010

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara S. Leadership on View in ‘ArtWalk’ Near West Point. New York Times. 2015 May;WE9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Pharmacology
ISSN (print)	0031-7012
ISSN (online)	1423-0313
Scope	General Medicine Pharmacology