How to format your references using the Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hirschmann M. Earth science: a wet mantle conductor? Nature. 2006 Jan;439(7075):E3; discussion E3-4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Granick S, Bae SC. Chemistry. A curious antipathy for water. Science. 2008 Dec;322(5907):1477–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schibler J, Elsner J, Schlumbaum A. Incorporation of aurochs into a cattle herd in Neolithic Europe: single event or breeding? Sci Rep. 2014 Jul;4:5798.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Farnham TL, Schleicher DG, Woodney LM, Birch PV, Eberhardy CA, Levy L. Imaging and photometry of comet C/1999 S4 (LINEAR) before perihelion and after breakup. Science. 2001 May;292(5520):1348–53.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mahlberg R, Gilles A, Läsch A. Hämatologie. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2004.

An edited book

Gudmundsdottir GB, Vasbø KB, editors. Methodological Challenges When Exploring Digital Learning Spaces in Education. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Teruel MA, Navarro E, López-Jaquero V, Montero F, González P. CSRML: A Goal-Oriented Approach to Model Requirements for Collaborative Systems. In: Jeusfeld M, Delcambre L, Ling T-W, editors. Conceptual Modeling – ER 2011: 30th International Conference, ER 2011, Brussels, Belgium, October 31 - November 3, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011; pp 33–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmacology.

Blog post

Davis J. Preserving The Dead: Weird And Grisly Practices From Around The World [Internet]. IFLScience. 2015 Oct [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/mummification-weird-and-grisly-practices-around-world/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Administration of the Office of Education’s Student Financial Aid Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1974.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Giles CL. Faculty mentoring of undergraduate students: A qualitative phenomenological study. 2015

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon MR. U.S. Fighter Downs Drone Over Syria. New York Times. 2017 Jun;A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Pharmacology
ISSN (print)	0031-7012
ISSN (online)	1423-0313
Scope	General Medicine Pharmacology