How to format your references using the Pharmacognosy Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmacognosy Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ovid’ko IA. Materials science. Deformation of nanostructures. Science. 2002;295(5564):2386.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bechler ME, ffrench-Constant C. Neuroscience. A new wrap for neuronal activity? Science. 2014;344(6183):480-481.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ogata H, Nishikawa K, Lubitz W. Hydrogens detected by subatomic resolution protein crystallography in a [NiFe] hydrogenase. Nature. 2015;520(7548):571-574.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Soldatov AV, Roth G, Dzyabchenko A, et al. Topochemical polymerization of C70 controlled by monomer crystal packing. Science. 2001;293(5530):680-683.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ji ZG. Hydrodynamics and Water Quality. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Dedecker J. Weak Dependence: With Examples and Applications. Vol 190. (Doukhan P, Lang G, José Rafael LR, Louhichi S, Prieur C, eds.). Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Klein A. BPS-MAC: Backoff Preamble Based MAC Protocol with Sequential Contention Resolution. In: Sacchi C, Bellalta B, Vinel A, Schlegel C, Granelli F, Zhang Y, eds. Multiple Access Communications: 4th International Workshop, MACOM 2011, Trento, Italy, September 12-13, 2011. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2011:39-50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmacognosy Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. Watch Hyenas Gang Together to Steal a Tasty Meal from Lions. IFLScience. June 22, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/hyenas-gang-together-steal-tasty-meal-lions/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Child Care and Early Childhood Education: More Information Sharing and Program Review by HHS Could Enhance Access for Families with Limited English Proficiency (Korean Version). U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lewis PA. Love and Hate: The Study of School Principals Moving from Job Motivation to Job Frustration. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mullen MG. The Refugees We Need. New York Times. September 29, 2017:A25.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmacognosy Journal
ISSN (print)	0975-3575
Scope	Drug Discovery Pharmacology