How to format your references using the Pharmaceutical Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pharmaceutical Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Beers TC. Astronomy. The first generations of stars. Science. 2005;309:390–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Roman J, Palumbi SR. Whales before whaling in the North Atlantic. Science. 2003;301:508–10.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Sellman BR, Mourez M, Collier RJ. Dominant-negative mutants of a toxin subunit: an approach to therapy of anthrax. Science. 2001;292:695–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Jin H, Sperka T, Herrlich P, Morrison H. Tumorigenic transformation by CPI-17 through inhibition of a merlin phosphatase. Nature. 2006;442:576–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Talbot DB. Frequency Acquisition Techniques for Phase Locked Loops. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

1. Hamblen JO. Rapid Prototyping of Digital Systems. QUARTUS® II EDITION. Hall TS, Furman MD, editors. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Esposito F, Ferilli S, Basile TMA, Di Mauro N. Machine Learning for Digital Document Processing: from Layout Analysis to Metadata Extraction. In: Marinai S, Fujisawa H, editors. Machine Learning in Document Analysis and Recognition. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 105–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pharmaceutical Medicine.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Sandstorm Uncovers New Nazca Lines [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/sandstorm-uncovers-new-nazca-lines/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Title I Funding: Poor Children Benefit Though Funding Per Poor Child Differs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002 Jan. Report No.: GAO-02-242.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Santella Steen S. The Potential of Television Programming as a Resource to Facilitate Academic Progress for Students who have a Specific Learning Disability in Reading [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Dominus I by S. ‘You Can Affect Billions of People.’ New York Times. 2014 Oct 31;MM14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Pharmaceutical Medicine
Abbreviation	Pharmaceut. Med.
ISSN (print)	1178-2595
ISSN (online)	1179-1993
Scope	Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology

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