How to format your references using the Petroleum Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Petroleum Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smetacek, V., 2001. A watery arms race. Nature 411, 745.

A journal article with 2 authors

Manne, A.S., Richels, R.G., 2001. An alternative approach to establishing trade-offs among greenhouse gases. Nature 410, 675–677.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gore, J., Youk, H., van Oudenaarden, A., 2009. Snowdrift game dynamics and facultative cheating in yeast. Nature 459, 253–256.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Miyamichi, K., Amat, F., Moussavi, F., Wang, C., Wickersham, I., Wall, N.R., Taniguchi, H., Tasic, B., Huang, Z.J., He, Z., Callaway, E.M., Horowitz, M.A., Luo, L., 2011. Cortical representations of olfactory input by trans-synaptic tracing. Nature 472, 191–196.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nussbaumer, A., Borges, L., Davaine, L., 2012. Fatigue Design of Steel and Composite Structures. Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany.

An edited book

Aoki, T., Kanemitsu, S., Nakahara, M., Ohno, Y. (Eds.), 2005. Zeta Functions, Topology and Quantum Physics, Developments in Mathematics. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Panda, S., 2015. Factors Affecting Capital Structure of Indian Venture Capital-Backed Growth Firms, in: Manimala, M.J., Wasdani, K.P. (Eds.), Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: Perspectives from Emerging Economies. Springer India, New Delhi, pp. 133–156.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Petroleum Research.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. FDA Approves “Female Viagra” Pill [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fda-finally-approves-little-pink-pill-aimed-increasing-womens-libido/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1997. Air Traffic Control: Complete and Enforced Architecture Needed for FAA Systems Modernization (No. AIMD-97-30). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grandon, J., 2015. The Distribution of Apiaceae in Lafayette and St. Martin Parishes (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mele, C., Stevens, M., 2017. Bruce Hampton, 70, Jam-Band Patriarch. New York Times B14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smetacek, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Manne and Richels, 2001; Smetacek, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Manne and Richels, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Miyamichi et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Petroleum Research
ISSN (print)	2096-2495
Scope