How to format your references using the Pediatrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fredrickson JK. ECOLOGY. Ecological communities by design. Science. 2015;348(6242):1425-1427.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stuiver MH, Custers JH. Engineering disease resistance in plants. Nature. 2001;411(6839):865-868.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rhew RC, Miller BR, Weiss RF. Natural methyl bromide and methyl chloride emissions from coastal salt marshes. Nature. 2000;403(6767):292-295.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Keegan BR, Feldman JL, Begemann G, Ingham PW, Yelon D. Retinoic acid signaling restricts the cardiac progenitor pool. Science. 2005;307(5707):247-249.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cross M, MacDonald B. Nutrition in Institutions. Wiley-Blackwell; 2008.

An edited book

Luk’yanchuk IA, Mezzane D, eds. Smart Materials for Energy, Communications and Security. Springer Netherlands; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Couclelis H. Misses, near-misses and surprises in forecasting the informational city. In: Miller HJ, ed. Societies and Cities in the Age of Instant Access. The GeoJournal Library. Springer Netherlands; 2007:71-83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatrics.

Blog post

Luntz S. Fireball Meteor Filmed Over Tennessee. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Attack Warning: Status of the Survivable Communications Integration System. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moble B. Fundamental Understanding of the Cycloidal-Rotor Concept for Micro Air Vehicle Applications. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. A New Justice, an Old Plea: More Money for the Bench. New York Times. January 1, 2006:113.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatrics
Abbreviation	Pediatrics
ISSN (print)	0031-4005
ISSN (online)	1098-4275
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health