How to format your references using the Pediatric Practice and Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Practice and Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cole-Turner R. Genome-sequencing anniversary. What defines us? Science 2011;331(6017):548.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hu EM, Cowie LL. High-redshift galaxy populations. Nature 2006;440(7088):1145–1150.

A journal article with 3 authors

West SA, Pen I, Griffin AS. Cooperation and competition between relatives. Science 2002;296(5565):72–75.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Nicastro F, Zezas A, Elvis M et al. The far-ultraviolet signature of the “missing” baryons in the Local Group of galaxies. Nature 2003;421(6924):719–721.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Garduno Barrera D, Diaz M. Communicating Systems with UML 2. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2011.

An edited book

Lara-Cinisomo S, Wisner KL, eds. Perinatal Depression among Spanish-Speaking and Latin American Women: A Global Perspective on Detection and Treatment. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Park JH, Choi KY, Hwang JY, Lee DH. Certificateless Public Key Encryption in the Selective-ID Security Model (Without Random Oracles). In: Takagi T, Okamoto T, Okamoto E, Okamoto T, eds. Pairing-Based Cryptography – Pairing 2007: First International Conference, Tokyo, Japan, July 2-4, 2007. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007:60–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Practice and Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. Discovery Channel Promises To Stop Lying To Us. IFLScience 2015. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/discovery-channel-promises-stop-lying-us/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Health Information Technology: Early Efforts Initiated but Comprehensive Privacy Approach Needed for National Strategy. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Becker M. Women’s Descriptions Six Months Post Notification of Positive BRCA 1/2 Genetic Mutations. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sanger DE, Schmitt E, Hubbard B. Trump Ends Covert Aid to Syrian Rebels Trying to Oust Assad. New York Times. July 20, 2017:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Practice and Research
ISSN (print)	2147-6470
Scope