How to format your references using the Pediatric Dentistry Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Dentistry Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Weintraub K. Vaccines: taking a shot at protection. Nature. 2014;516(7529):S12-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Diffenbaugh NS, Field CB. Changes in ecologically critical terrestrial climate conditions. Science. 2013;341(6145):486-492.

A journal article with 3 authors

Eilken HM, Nishikawa SI, Schroeder T. Continuous single-cell imaging of blood generation from haemogenic endothelium. Nature. 2009;457(7231):896-900.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Vogler TO, Wheeler JR, Nguyen ED, et al. TDP-43 and RNA form amyloid-like myo-granules in regenerating muscle. Nature. 2018;563(7732):508-513.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Barker RM, Puckett JA. Design of Highway Bridges. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Rehm G, Uszkoreit H, eds. The Latvian Language in the Digital Age. Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Sheaff MT, Singh N. Serous Fluids. In: Singh N, ed. Cytopathology: An Introduction. Springer; 2013:101-141.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Dentistry Case Reports.

Blog post

Andrew E. Court Declares Captive Orangutan Is “Non-Human Person.” IFLScience. December 22, 2014. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/argentinian-court-extends-rights-captive-orangutan/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Job Training Partnership Act: Services and Outcomes for Participants With Differing Needs. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parisi J. Correlation of Conditional Admittance and Student Achievement in an Undergraduate Higher Education Setting. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S, Smale A. Foes of Russia in Crimea Block Shipments of Food. New York Times. September 22, 2015:A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Dentistry Case Reports
ISSN (print)	2352-5894
Scope