How to format your references using the Pediatric Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

King M-C. “The race” to clone BRCA1. Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1462–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Droser ML, Gehling JG. Synchronous aggregate growth in an abundant new Ediacaran tubular organism. Science. 2008 Mar 21;319(5870):1660–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Canestrelli D, Bisconti R, Nascetti G. Extensive unidirectional introgression between two salamander lineages of ancient divergence and its evolutionary implications. Sci. Rep. 2014 Oct 1;4:6516.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chabot JR, Pedraza JM, Luitel P, van Oudenaarden A. Stochastic gene expression out-of-steady-state in the cyanobacterial circadian clock. Nature. 2007 Dec 20;450(7173):1249–52.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Demaria C. Introduction to Private Equity. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

Plattner H, Meinel C, Leifer L, editors. Design Thinking Research: Making Design Thinking Foundational. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Gao S, Li Z, Yu J, Gao X, Wu W. DNA Library Screening, Pooling Design and Unitary Spaces. In: Du D-Z, Hu X, Pardalos PM, editors. Combinatorial Optimization and Applications: Third International Conference, COCOA 2009, Huangshan, China, June 10-12, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 49–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Anesthesia.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Data Suggests A Different Origin For The Biggest Galaxies In The Universe [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/data-suggests-a-different-origin-for-the-biggest-galaxies-in-the-universe/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation and the Environment: FAA’s and NASA’s Research and Development Plans for Noise Reduction Are Aligned but the Prospects of Achieving Noise Reduction Goals Are Uncertain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008 Feb. Report No.: GAO-08-384.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Willis TY. Rare but there: An intersectional exploration of the experiences and outcomes of Black women who studied abroad through community college programs [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy MJO. When John Lennon Was Starting Over. New York Times. 2015 Oct 9;C28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Anesthesia
Abbreviation	Paediatr. Anaesth.
ISSN (print)	1155-5645
ISSN (online)	1460-9592
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

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