How to format your references using the Pediatric Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jasanoff S. Science and society. Testing time for climate science. Science. 2010 May 7;328(5979):695–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Subrahmanian VS, Dickerson J. Computer science. What can virtual worlds and games do for national security? Science. 2009 Nov 27;326(5957):1201–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee J, Gross SP, Lee J. Improved network community structure improves function prediction. Sci. Rep. 2013;3:2197.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Canuto MA, Estrada-Belli F, Garrison TG, Houston SD, Acuña MJ, Kováč M, et al. Ancient lowland Maya complexity as revealed by airborne laser scanning of northern Guatemala. Science. 2018 Sep 28;361(6409).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Atkin N, Biddiss M, Tallett F. The Wiley-Blackwell Dictionary of Modern European History Since 1789. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

Mitra AP, Sharma C, editors. Global Environmental Changes in South Asia: A Regional Perspective. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Huang Z, Li Q, Ding H. Kinematic Influence Coefficient and Kinematics Analysis. In: Li Q, Ding H, editors. Theory of Parallel Mechanisms. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013. p. 135–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Anesthesia.

Blog post

Evans K. Here’s The Easiest Way To Undo The Harms Of Sitting All Day [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/heres-the-easiest-way-to-undo-the-harms-of-sitting-all-day/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Computerized Hospital Medical Information Systems Need Further Evaluation To Ensure Benefits From Huge Investments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Nov. Report No.: AFMD-81-3.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dillard C. Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) and Implementation Science [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M. Ride Home With It. New York Times. 2010 Apr 29;E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Anesthesia
Abbreviation	Paediatr. Anaesth.
ISSN (print)	1155-5645
ISSN (online)	1460-9592
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health