How to format your references using the Pediatric Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pediatric Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dalton R. Researcher uncovers truth behind wartime security slur. Nature. 2003 Jan 23;421(6921):303.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nisbet MC, Mooney C. Science and society. Framing Science. Science. 2007 Apr 6;316(5821):56.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhu Z, Cheng Y, Schwingenschlögl U. Pressure controlled transition into a self-induced topological superconducting surface state. Sci. Rep. 2014 Feb 7;4:4025.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Rodríguez J, Tintoré J, Allen JT, Blanco JM, Gomis D, Reul A, et al. Mesoscale vertical motion and the size structure of phytoplankton in the ocean. Nature. 2001 Mar 15;410(6826):360–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Spatschek K-H. High Temperature Plasmas. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2011.

An edited book

Demuth M. Determining Spectra in Quantum Theory. Krishna M, editor. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Abraham I, Delling D, Goldberg AV, Werneck RF. Hierarchical Hub Labelings for Shortest Paths. In: Epstein L, Ferragina P, editors. Algorithms – ESA 2012: 20th Annual European Symposium, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 10-12, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 24–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pediatric Anesthesia.

Blog post

Andrew E. Polarised Light and the Super Sense You Didn’t Know you had [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/polarised-light-and-super-sense-you-didn-t-know-you-had/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Research: DOE Is Addressing Invention Disclosure and Other Challenges but Needs a Plan to Guide Data Management Improvements. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015 Jan. Report No.: GAO-15-212.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Isaacson MJ. The paradox of respect and risk: Six Lakota adolescents speak [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara S. Leadership on View in ‘ArtWalk’ Near West Point. New York Times. 2015 May 31;WE9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Pediatric Anesthesia
Abbreviation	Paediatr. Anaesth.
ISSN (print)	1155-5645
ISSN (online)	1460-9592
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health