How to format your references using the Palaeoworld citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Palaeoworld. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meister, G., 2008. Molecular biology. RNA interference in the nucleus. Science 321, 496–497.

A journal article with 2 authors

Siaj, M., McBreen, P.H., 2005. Creating, varying, and growing single-site molecular contacts. Science 309, 588–590.

A journal article with 3 authors

Morris, R.J., Lewis, O.T., Godfray, H.C.J., 2004. Experimental evidence for apparent competition in a tropical forest food web. Nature 428, 310–313.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lewis, A.C., Carslaw, N., Marriott, P.J., Kinghorn, R.M., Morrison, P., Lee, A.L., Bartle, K.D., Pilling, M.J., 2000. A larger pool of ozone-forming carbon compounds in urban atmospheres. Nature 405, 778–781.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shafer, D.A., 2005. Hazardous Materials Characterization. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bolikowski, Ł., Casarosa, V., Goodale, P., Houssos, N., Manghi, P., Schirrwagen, J. (Eds.), 2014. Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries -- TPDL 2013 Selected Workshops: LCPD 2013, SUEDL 2013, DataCur 2013, Held in Valletta, Malta, September 22-26, 2013. Revised Selected Papers, Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Hendricks, V.F., Hansen, P.G., 2016. Choice: Framing Choice, in: Hansen, P.G. (Ed.), Infostorms: Why Do We “like”? Explaining Individual Behavior on the Social Net. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 85–103.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Palaeoworld.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2016. A Dark Night Is Good For Your Health [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dark-night-good-your-health-0/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2001. General Aviation: Status of the Industry, Related Infrastructure, and Safety Issues (No. GAO-01-916). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coulibaly, I., 2017. Influence of Gender and Age on the Performance of a PBIS program: Quantitative Analysis of Secondary Data from a Midwestern Suburban Public Middle School (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Strauss, B., 2016. Like Father, Like Son. Like the Cubs? No Way! New York Times B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Meister, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Meister, 2008; Siaj and McBreen, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Siaj and McBreen, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Lewis et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Palaeoworld
Abbreviation	Palaeoworld
ISSN (print)	1871-174X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Palaeontology Stratigraphy