How to format your references using the Palaeontology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Palaeontology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

RYAN, A. J. 2009. Journal club. A chemist welcomes an ingenious advance in plastics technology. Nature, 458, 553.

A journal article with 2 authors

SOLOZHENKO, V. L. and KURAKEVYCH, O. O. 2013. Equilibrium p-T phase diagram of boron: experimental study and thermodynamic analysis. Scientific reports, 3, 2351.

A journal article with 3 authors

JOHNSON, K. G., JACKSON, J. B. C. and BUDD, A. F. 2008. Caribbean reef development was independent of coral diversity over 28 million years. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319, 1521–1523.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

TURK, D., MCPHADEN, M. J., BUSALACCHI, A. J. and LEWIS, M. R. 2001. Remotely sensed biological production in the equatorial Pacific. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293, 471–474.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

YALAOUI, A., CHEHADE, H., YALAOUI, F. and AMODEO, L. 2012. Optimization of Logistics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

2006. Positron Emission Tomography: Clinical Practice. In VALK, P. E., DELBEKE, D., BAILEY, D. L., TOWNSEND, D. W. and MAISEY, M. N. (eds.) Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

JÖGI, A. 2015. Tumour Hypoxia and the Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factors: Key Players in Cancer Progression and Metastasis. In MAZUREK, S. and SHOSHAN, M. (eds.) Tumor Cell Metabolism: Pathways, Regulation and Biology, Springer, Vienna, 65–98 pp.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Palaeontology.

Blog post

ANDREW, E. 2015. This Is What the Brain of a Stroke Survivor Looks Like. IFLScience. Downloaded from https://www.iflscience.com/brain/here-s-what-brain-stroke-survivor-looks/ on 30 October 2018. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE. 1993. Compensatory Education: Additional Funds Help More Private School Students Receive Chapter 1 Services. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

GLOCK, M. 2008. Cultural futuristics: Bringing consciousness to cultural complexes and soul to scenario based planning.Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CApp.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

WALDSTEIN, D. and ROTHENBERG, B. 2016. They Built a Roof. It Got Loud. Now What? New York Times, D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ryan 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Ryan 2009; Solozhenko & Kurakevych 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Solozhenko & Kurakevych 2013)
Three or more authors: (Turk et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Palaeontology
Abbreviation	Palaeontology
ISSN (print)	0031-0239
ISSN (online)	1475-4983
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Palaeontology