How to format your references using the Palaeontology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Palaeontology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

VANE, J. R. 2002. Biomedicine. Back to an aspirin a day? Science (New York, N.Y.), 296, 474–475.

A journal article with 2 authors

REDMAN, C. W. and SARGENT, I. L. 2005. Latest advances in understanding preeclampsia. Science (New York, N.Y.), 308, 1592–1594.

A journal article with 3 authors

HILGENKAMP, H., MOSHCHALKOV, V. V. and KES, P. 2003. Physics. Flux quanta on the move. Science (New York, N.Y.), 302, 1159–1160.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

SHENG, Y., LIAO, L.-D., THAKOR, N. and TAN, M. C. 2014. Rare-Earth doped particles as dual-modality contrast agent for minimally-invasive luminescence and dual-wavelength photoacoustic imaging. Scientific reports, 4, 6562.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

STAUFFER, H. B. 2007. Contemporary Bayesian and Frequentist Statistical Research Methods for Natural Resource Scientists. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

2013. EndoCANNABINOIDS: Actions at Non-CB1/CB2 Cannabinoid Receptors. In ABOOD, M. E., SORENSEN, R. G. and STELLA, N. (eds.) The Receptors. Vol. 24. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

NOURELDIN, A., KARAMAT, T. B. and GEORGY, J. 2013. Inertial Navigation System. In KARAMAT, T. B. and GEORGY, J. (eds.) Fundamentals of Inertial Navigation, Satellite-Based Positioning and Their Integration, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 125–166 pp.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Palaeontology.

Blog post

ANDREW, E. 2015. Want More Innovation? Try Connecting The Dots Between Engineering And Humanities. IFLScience. Downloaded from https://www.iflscience.com/technology/want-more-innovation-try-connecting-dots-between-engineering-and-humanities/ on 30 October 2018. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE. 1987. Bilingual Education: A New Look at the Research Evidence. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

LORETZ, N. 2009. Human trafficking: Identification, education, and awareness: A grant proposal.Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CApp.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

WILLIAMS, J. 2017. Hey, Modernity, They’re Just Not Into You. New York Times, C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Vane 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Vane 2002; Redman & Sargent 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Redman & Sargent 2005)
Three or more authors: (Sheng et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Palaeontology
Abbreviation	Palaeontology
ISSN (print)	0031-0239
ISSN (online)	1475-4983
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Palaeontology