How to format your references using the Pakistan Veterinary Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Pakistan Veterinary Journal (PKV). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Barry C, 2015. Infectious disease. More than just bugs in spit. Science 348:633–634.

A journal article with 2 authors

Banfield JF and Young M, 2009. Microbiology. Variety--the splice of life--in microbial communities. Science 326:1198–1199.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fricke HC, Hencecroth J and Hoerner ME, 2011. Lowland-upland migration of sauropod dinosaurs during the Late Jurassic epoch. Nature 480:513–515.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bello A, Chand A, Aviles J, et al., 2014. Novel adeno-associated viruses derived from pig tissues transduce most major organs in mice. Sci Rep 4:6644.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dal Pont J-P and Azzaro-Pantel C, 2014. New Approaches to the Process Industries. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

2012. Applied Parallel and Scientific Computing: 10th International Conference, PARA 2010, Reykjavík, Iceland, June 6-9, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Part I. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Henzell RG and Jordan DR, 2009. Grain Sorghum. In: Cereals (Carena MJ, ed). Springer US: New York, NY, pp:183–197.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Pakistan Veterinary Journal.

Blog post

Andrews R, 2017. Australia Set To Keep Unvaccinated Kids Away From School. IFLScience. 2017 Available at https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/australia-set-keep-unvaccinated-kids-school/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1991. Supercomputing in Industry. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nambiar VR, 2012. A Grounded Theory Study on Business Excellence Models in the United Arab Emirates. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G, 2011. Juventus, Tainted by a Scandal, Tries to Regain Its Luster. New York Times B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Barry, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Banfield and Young, 2009; Barry, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Banfield and Young, 2009)
Three authors: (Fricke, Hencecroth, and Hoerner, 2011)
4 or more authors: (Bello et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Pakistan Veterinary Journal
ISSN (print)	0253-8318
ISSN (online)	2074-7764
Scope