How to format your references using the Ortho Magazine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ortho Magazine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Moseley SH. Astronomy. The other half of the universe? Science 2014;346:696–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Houghton M, Abrignani S. Prospects for a vaccine against the hepatitis C virus. Nature 2005;436:961–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Reyners M, Eberhart-Phillips D, Stuart G. The role of fluids in lower-crustal earthquakes near continental rifts. Nature 2007;446:1075–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Santos-Rosa H, Schneider R, Bannister AJ, Sherriff J, Bernstein BE, Emre NCT, et al. Active genes are tri-methylated at K4 of histone H3. Nature 2002;419:407–11.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Pande A, Wolshon B. Traffic Engineering Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Cigola M, editor. Distinguished Figures in Descriptive Geometry and Its Applications for Mechanism Science: From the Middle Ages to the 17th Century. vol. 30. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Goñi N, Arregui I, Lezama A, Arrizabalaga H, Moreno G. Small Scale Vertical Behaviour of Juvenile Albacore in Relation to Their Biotic Environment in the Bay of Biscay. In: Nielsen JL, Arrizabalaga H, Fragoso N, Hobday A, Lutcavage M, Sibert J, editors. Tagging and Tracking of Marine Animals with Electronic Devices, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009, p. 51–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ortho Magazine.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Tooth Enamel Could Have Originated On Prehistoric Fish Scales. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Millennium Challenge Corporation: Results of Transportation Infrastructure Projects in Seven Countries. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Le Blanc JD. Helping African American Middle School Students Transition to High School with the New Normal Project: A Grant Proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Sisario B. One Direction Ties A Beatles Record. New York Times 2017:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Ortho Magazine
ISSN (print)	1262-4586
Scope