How to format your references using the Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Grayson, Symposium overview: Raising standards, Nature 520 (2015) S10-2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

N.M. Shapiro, I. Koulakov, Geophysics. Probing the underbelly of a supervolcano, Science 348 (2015) 758–759.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

C.K. Gilmore, S.E. McCarthy, E.S. Spelke, Symbolic arithmetic knowledge without instruction, Nature 447 (2007) 589–591.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P. Wen, N. Zheng, L. Li, Q. Shi, Symmetrically periodic segregation in a vertically vibrated binary granular bed, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6914.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Yevick, H. Yevick, Fundamental Math and Physics for Scientists and Engineers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

A. Demirdjian, ed., The Armenian Genocide Legacy, Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

K.E. Neubecker, Race/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities in Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Resulting Spread of Obesity and “Adult-Onset” Diabetes Epidemics Among Adolescents, in: R.J. Ferry Jr. (Ed.), Management of Pediatric Obesity and Diabetes, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 2011: pp. 71–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Small Glitches, But Rosetta Comet Mission Is Achieving Major Scientific Goals, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/space/small-glitches-rosetta-comet-mission-achieving-major-scientific-goals/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Important Progress Made, But Much Work Remains to Avoid Disruption of Critical Services, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

N.J. Johnson, Queered, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.M. Grynbaum, J. Koblin, Kelly and NBC Quickly Land on the Hot Seat, New York Times (2017) B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics
Abbreviation	Optik (Stuttg.)
ISSN (print)	0030-4026
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics