How to format your references using the Operations Research Perspectives citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Operations Research Perspectives. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Noller H. Carl Woese (1928-2012). Nature 2013;493:610.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Baum J, Cowman AF. Biochemistry. Revealing a parasite’s invasive trick. Science 2011;333:410–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

den Boer SPA, Baer B, Boomsma JJ. Seminal fluid mediates ejaculate competition in social insects. Science 2010;327:1506–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Jia Q, Liu Y, Liu H, Li S. Mmp1 and Mmp2 cooperatively induce Drosophila fat body cell dissociation with distinct roles. Sci Rep 2014;4:7535.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bragg SM. The New CFO Financial Leadership Manual. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

O’Donovan P, editor. Complications in Gynecological Surgery. London: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Picozza E. Public Law and Private Law Issues. In: Picozza E, editor. Neurolaw: An Introduction, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 119–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Operations Research Perspectives.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Human Brain Grown In A Lab Could Be Most Complete Yet. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/human-brain-grown-lab-most-complete-yet/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. [Comments on Proposed FAR Changes]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Ouyang A. Embryonic Stem Cell Culture in Fibrous Bed Bioreactor. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Shear MD, Haberman M. Friend Suggests Trump May Fire Special Counsel. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Operations Research Perspectives
Abbreviation	Oper. Res. Perspect.
ISSN (print)	2214-7160
Scope

Research and Writing Guides