How to format your references using the Operations Research Perspectives citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Operations Research Perspectives. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schadt EE. Molecular networks as sensors and drivers of common human diseases. Nature 2009;461:218–23.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Leibfarth FA, Hawker CJ. Chemistry. Mechanically throwing a reaction into reverse. Science 2011;333:1582–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Rome LC, Flynn L, Yoo TD. Biomechanics: rubber bands reduce the cost of carrying loads. Nature 2006;444:1023–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Suh GSB, Wong AM, Hergarden AC, Wang JW, Simon AF, Benzer S, et al. A single population of olfactory sensory neurons mediates an innate avoidance behaviour in Drosophila. Nature 2004;431:854–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Pardoux É. Markov Processes and Applications: Algorithms, Networks, Genome and Finance. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Rajamannan NM, editor. Cardiac Valvular Medicine. London: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Beaudin JS, Intille SS, Munguia Tapia E, Rockinson R, Morris ME. Context-Sensitive Microlearning of Foreign Language Vocabulary on a Mobile Device. In: Schiele B, Dey AK, Gellersen H, Ruyter B de, Tscheligi M, Wichert R, et al., editors. Ambient Intelligence: European Conference, AmI 2007, Darmstadt, Germany, November 7-10, 2007. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007, p. 55–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Operations Research Perspectives.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Excitation and Inhibition Co-Exist in Disappointment. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/excitation-and-inhibition-co-exist-disappointment/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Drug and Alcohol Abuse: Billions Spent Annually for Treatment and Prevention Activities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Walker M. Industry - higher education partnerships: A case study analysis of learning together. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Billard M. Workout Not Required. New York Times 2016:F3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Operations Research Perspectives
Abbreviation	Oper. Res. Perspect.
ISSN (print)	2214-7160
Scope