How to format your references using the Oncology Signaling citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Oncology Signaling. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kacprzak GG. Astronomy. The pristine universe. Science. 2011;334(6060):1216-1217.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stark LA, Pompei K. Winner of Science Prize for Online Resources in Education. Making genetics easy to understand. Science. 2010;327(5965):538-539.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shim SB, Imboden M, Mohanty P. Synchronized oscillation in coupled nanomechanical oscillators. Science. 2007;316(5821):95-99.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GA, Kent J. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. 2000;403(6772):853-858.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hulin W, Jin-Ting Z. Nonparametric Regression Methods for Longitudinal Data Analysis: Mixed-Effects Modeling Approaches. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

Bini DA, Mehrmann V, Olshevsky V, Tyrtyshnikov EE, Barel M van, eds. Numerical Methods for Structured Matrices and Applications: The Georg Heinig Memorial Volume. Vol 199. Birkhäuser; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Spindler P, Johannes FM. Kraftwerk: A Fast and Robust Quadratic Placer Using an Exact Linear Net Model. In: Nam GJ, Cong J, eds. Modern Circuit Placement: Best Practices and Results. Series on Integrated Circuits and Systems. Springer US; 2007:59-93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Oncology Signaling.

Blog post

Fang J. Different Monkey Species Can Understand One Another’s “Languages.” IFLScience. April 30, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monkeys-use-suffixes-too/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Status of TSA’s Acquisition of Technology for Screening Passenger Identification and Boarding Passes. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Powell JR. Ocean Fronts in the Southern California Current System and Their Role in Structuring Zooplankton Distributions, Diel Vertical Migration, and Size Composition. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wasik JF. How Student Debt Is Snuffing Out Creative Sparks. New York Times. January 11, 2017:B7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Oncology Signaling
ISSN (print)	2542-5633
Scope