How to format your references using the Occupational and Environmental Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Occupational and Environmental Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Axtell RL. Zipf distribution of U.S. firm sizes. Science 2001;293:1818–20.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yashin VV, Balazs AC. Pattern formation and shape changes in self-oscillating polymer gels. Science 2006;314:798–801.

A journal article with 3 authors

Anderson JS, Rittle J, Peters JC. Catalytic conversion of nitrogen to ammonia by an iron model complex. Nature 2013;501:84–7.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Stanfield RL, Dooley H, Flajnik MF, et al. Crystal structure of a shark single-domain antibody V region in complex with lysozyme. Science 2004;305:1770–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Burghardt G, Walls B. Managed Futures for Institutional Investors. Hoboken, NJ: : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2011.

An edited book

Garay JA, Miyaji A, Otsuka A, editors. Cryptology and Network Security: 8th International Conference, CANS 2009, Kanazawa, Japan, December 12-14, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: : Springer 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Lin P-CK, Khatri SP. Predictor Ranking using Modified Zhegalkin Functions. In: Khatri SP, ed. Logic Synthesis for Genetic Diseases: Modeling Disease Behavior Using Boolean Networks. New York, NY: : Springer 2014. 53–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Blog post

Hamilton K. How Deadly Is Your Dog’s Saliva? IFLScience. 2016.https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-deadly-is-your-dogs-saliva/ (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Department of Transportation: Key Issues and Management Challenges, 2013. Washington, DC: : U.S. Government Printing Office 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Flores D. The EastSide Café: A liberated learning zone. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines GG. Comics Series Ending. New York Times. 2017;:C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Abbreviation	Occup. Environ. Med.
ISSN (print)	1351-0711
ISSN (online)	1470-7926
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health