How to format your references using the Occupational and Environmental Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Occupational and Environmental Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Turney J. Strings and things. Nature. 2001;410:873.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kiberstis P, Roberts L. Breast cancer. A race still unfinished. Introduction. Science. 2014;343:1451.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lenton TM, Schellnhuber HJ, Szathmáry E. Climbing the co-evolution ladder. Nature. 2004;431:913.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Tong H, Zhang L, Kaspar A, et al. Peptide-conjugation induced conformational changes in human IgG1 observed by optimized negative-staining and individual-particle electron tomography. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1089.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Moreau N. Tools for Signal Compression. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2013.

An edited book

Chattopadhyay A. Language-driven Exploration and Implementation of Partially Re-configurable ASIPs. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Naldi MC, de Carvalho ACPLF, Campell RJGB, et al. Genetic Clustering for Data Mining. In: Maimon O, Rokach L, eds. Soft Computing for Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. Boston, MA: Springer US 2008:113–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Blog post

Andrews R. Is Middle America Due For A Catastrophic Earthquake? IFLScience. 2016. (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Social Security Administration: Information Systems Could Improve Processing Attorney Fee Payments in Disability Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Weir B. The transfer of momentum from waves to currents due to wave breaking. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gavin J. Even at 94, Brazil’s Grande Dame of the Stage Can’t Stop Singing. New York Times. 2016;C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Abbreviation	Occup. Environ. Med.
ISSN (print)	1351-0711
ISSN (online)	1470-7926
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health