How to format your references using the Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Wadman M. Copycat consolidation. Nature 2007;449:393.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Miller V, Savage M. Changes in seismic anisotropy after volcanic eruptions: evidence from Mount Ruapehu. Science 2001;293:2231–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Pickrell JK, Gilad Y, Pritchard JK. Comment on “Widespread RNA and DNA sequence differences in the human transcriptome.” Science 2012;335:1302; author reply 1302.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zachos JC, Wara MW, Bohaty S, Delaney ML, Petrizzo MR, Brill A, et al. A transient rise in tropical sea surface temperature during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum. Science 2003;302:1551–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Michael E, Gillian H, Stefan K, Alex L. Gramsci. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Rogin F. Debugging at the Electronic System Level. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Kim SJ, Diamond B. Endogenous Control of Dendritic Cell Activation by miRNA. In: Greene CM, editor. MicroRNAs and Other Non-Coding RNAs in Inflammation, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 85–103.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. Orphaned Chimp Is Adopted By A Pregnant Female In An “Unheard Of” Act. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Development of Nontactical Secure Voice Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Wolzinger R. Strengthening Career and Technical Education in the California Community College System during the financial and labor market crisis. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Chen DW. Safety Citations and Anonymous Deaths. New York Times 2015:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
Abbreviation	Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis.
ISSN (print)	0939-4753
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Nutrition and Dietetics