How to format your references using the Nurse Education Today citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nurse Education Today. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schaffer, S., 2011. The laird of physics. Nature 471, 289–291.

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu, J., Yang, W., 2012. Water management. Water sustainability for China and beyond. Science 337, 649–650.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lu, Z., Klem, A.M., Ramu, Y., 2001. Ion conduction pore is conserved among potassium channels. Nature 413, 809–813.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Greer, J.M., Puetz, J., Thomas, K.R., Capecchi, M.R., 2000. Maintenance of functional equivalence during paralogous Hox gene evolution. Nature 403, 661–665.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ribéreau-Gayon, P., Dubourdieu, D., Donèche, B., Lonvaud, A., 2006. Handbook of Enology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Pehnt, M., 2006. Micro Cogeneration: Towards Decentralized Energy Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Freguglia, P., 2011. Geometric Calculus and Geometry Foundations in Peano, in: Skof, F. (Ed.), Giuseppe Peano between Mathematics and Logic: Proceeding of the International Conference in Honour of Giuseppe Peano on the 150th Anniversary of His Birth and the Centennial of the Formulario Mathematico, Turin (Italy), October 2–3,2008. Springer, Milano, pp. 69–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nurse Education Today.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Ants Prove Useful in Detecting Land Containing Gold [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ants-prove-useful-detecting-land-containing-gold/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. Federal Retirement Processing: OPM Is Pursuing Incremental Information Technology Improvements after Canceling a Modernization Plagued by Management Weaknesses (No. GAO-13-580T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hofmann, T.B., 2008. Adductor and abductor spasmodic dysphonia: A comparison of quality of life issues for those receiving Botox treatment (Doctoral dissertation). Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J., 2017. Lugo’s Tear to Cost Him Two Weeks, Minimum. New York Times B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schaffer, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Liu and Yang, 2012; Schaffer, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Yang, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Greer et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nurse Education Today
Abbreviation	Nurse Educ. Today
ISSN (print)	0260-6917
Scope	General Nursing Education