How to format your references using the Numerical Algorithms citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Numerical Algorithms. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sambridge, M.: Geophysics. An ensemble view of Earth’s inner core. Science. 299, 529–530 (2003)

A journal article with 2 authors

Shelke, S.A., Piccirilli, J.A.: Origins of life: RNA made in its own mirror image. Nature. 515, 347–348 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Shalm, L.K., Adamson, R.B.A., Steinberg, A.M.: Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons. Nature. 457, 67–70 (2009)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zeng, Y., Xie, X., Duan, J., Zhou, T., Zhang, Y., Yang, M., Xu, F.: Perturbation of mitiglinide metabolism by chronic unpredicted mild stress in rats. Sci. Rep. 4, 3794 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sallaberry, C.: Geographical Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA (2013)

An edited book

Schacknow, P.N., Samples, J.R. eds: The Glaucoma Book: A Practical, Evidence-Based Approach to Patient Care. Springer, New York, NY (2010)

A chapter in an edited book

Romero, A.J., Edwards, L.M., Bauman, S., Ritter, M.K.: Risk Factors for Latina Adolescents’ Mental Health and Well-Being. In: Edwards, L.M., Bauman, S., and Ritter, M.K. (eds.) Preventing Adolescent Depression and Suicide Among Latinas: Resilience Research and Theory. pp. 35–46. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2014)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Numerical Algorithms.

Blog post

Evans, K.: Even Remote Deep-Sea Animals Are Ingesting Microplastics, Study Finds

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Federal Funding Provided to 10 Police Departments for Intelligence Activities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1975)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mantilla, A.N.: The differences in the educational experiences and caregiver involvement in education between youth in foster care and those in care of their biological parents, (2012)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stolberg, S.G., Walsh, M.W.: Obama Offers A Transit Plan To Create Jobs, (2010)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Numerical Algorithms
Abbreviation	Numer. Algorithms
ISSN (print)	1017-1398
ISSN (online)	1572-9265
Scope	Applied Mathematics