How to format your references using the Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gershon D. Proteomics technologies: probing the proteome. Nature. 2003;424:581–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Frey BJ, Dueck D. Clustering by passing messages between data points. Science. 2007;315:972–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Weisz C, Glowatzki E, Fuchs P. The postsynaptic function of type II cochlear afferents. Nature. 2009;461:1126–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Dittmar GAG, Wilkinson CRM, Jedrzejewski PT, Finley D. Role of a ubiquitin-like modification in polarized morphogenesis. Science. 2002;295:2442–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Singh MP, Huhns MN. Service-Oriented Computing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

1. Lee M-LT, Gail M, Pfeiffer R, Satten G, Cai T, Gandy A, editors. Risk Assessment and Evaluation of Predictions. New York, NY: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Gärtner C, Ortmann G. Recursiveness: Relations between Bodies, Metaphors, Organizations and Institutions. In: Weik E, Walgenbach P, editors. Institutions Inc. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016. p. 94–123.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.

Blog post

1. Carpineti C. Researchers Just Managed To Capture Drone Footage Of The Deepest Diving Mammal On Earth. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: FAA Faces Implementation Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Sep. Report No.: GAO-12-1011T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Martinez J. Effective nonprofit collaborative networks [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Stewart JB. Case Study in Chaos: Management Experts Grade a Trump White House. New York Times. 2017 Feb 2;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
Abbreviation	Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging (2010)
ISSN (print)	1869-3474
ISSN (online)	1869-3482
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging