How to format your references using the Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A.J. Leggett, The quantum measurement problem, Science 307 (2005) 871–872.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C.S. Hopkinson Jr, J.J. Vallino, Efficient export of carbon to the deep ocean through dissolved organic matter, Nature 433 (2005) 142–145.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A.S. Ghuman, R.N. van den Honert, A. Martin, Interregional neural synchrony has similar dynamics during spontaneous and stimulus-driven states, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 1481.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.V. Parimi, W.T. Lu, P. Vodo, S. Sridhar, Photonic crystals: imaging by flat lens using negative refraction, Nature 426 (2003) 404.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M.D. Mullaney, The Complete Guide to Option Strategies, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2009.

An edited book

[1]

H. Alpas, B. Çırakoğlu, eds., Food Chain Security, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

H. Haberdar, S. Albayrak, A Two-Stage Visual Turkish Sign Language Recognition System Based on Global and Local Features, in: F. Esposito, Z.W. Raś, D. Malerba, G. Semeraro (Eds.), Foundations of Intelligent Systems: 16th International Symposium, ISMIS 2006, Bari, Italy, September 27-29, 2006. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006: pp. 29–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, Researchers Discover Genetic Link To Autism, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-discover-genetic-link-autism/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Handling of Bid Protests Involving Automatic Data Processing Equipment Procurements, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

T.W. Winton, Student and Teacher Perceptions of Standards-based Grading and Student Performance, Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Erlanger, J.H. Davis, Once Dominant, U.S. Is Now Isolated at G-20, New York Times (2017) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A
Abbreviation	Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A
ISSN (print)	0168-9002
Scope	Instrumentation Nuclear and High Energy Physics