How to format your references using the Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C.M. Dobson, Protein chemistry. In the footsteps of alchemists, Science. 304 (2004) 1259–1262.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

K.J. Willis, R.J. Whittaker, Ecology. Species diversity--scale matters, Science. 295 (2002) 1245–1248.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

T.F. Cooper, R.A. O’Leary, J.M. Lough, Growth of Western Australian corals in the anthropocene, Science. 335 (2012) 593–596.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Sil, N. Kuhar, S. Acharya, S. Umapathy, Is chemically synthesized graphene “really” a unique substrate for SERS and fluorescence quenching?, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 3336.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

I. Moir, A.G. Seabridge, Military Avionics Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

T.-C. Zhang, P. Ouyang, S. Kaplan, B. Skarnes, eds., Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Applied Biotechnology (ICAB 2012): Volume 1, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

F.A. Medeiros, Glaucoma Risk Factors: Fluctuations in Intraocular Pressure, in: P.N. Schacknow, J.R. Samples (Eds.), The Glaucoma Book: A Practical, Evidence-Based Approach to Patient Care, Springer, New York, NY, 2010: pp. 51–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, The Return Of Big Cats Could Help Save Lives On The Road, IFLScience. (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/the-return-of-big-cats-could-help-save-lives-on-the-road/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Public-Private Competitions: Access to Records Is Inhibiting Work on Congressional Mandates, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

L. Ramakrishnan, Multi-level adaptation for performability in dynamic web service workflows, Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Kanter, E.U. Opens Investigation of French Utility’s Taxes, New York Times. (2016) B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A
Abbreviation	Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A
ISSN (print)	0168-9002
Scope	Instrumentation Nuclear and High Energy Physics