How to format your references using the NPG Asia Materials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for NPG Asia Materials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rosenfeld, D. Atmosphere. Aerosols, clouds, and climate. Science 312, 1323–1324 (2006).

A journal article with 2 authors

Dohoney, K. M. & Gelles, J. Chi-sequence recognition and DNA translocation by single RecBCD helicase/nuclease molecules. Nature 409, 370–374 (2001).

A journal article with 3 authors

Nozaki, T., Kato, Y. & Suzuki, K. Late Jurassic ocean anoxic event: evidence from voluminous sulphide deposition and preservation in the Panthalassa. Sci. Rep. 3, 1889 (2013).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Koleilat, G. I., Kramer, I. J., Wong, C. T. O., Thon, S. M., Labelle, A. J., Hoogland, S. & Sargent, E. H. Folded-light-path colloidal quantum dot solar cells. Sci. Rep. 3, 2166 (2013).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pérez, A. Mobile Networks Architecture. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013).

An edited book

Peer Review of Learning and Teaching in Higher Education: International Perspectives. 9, (Springer Netherlands, 2014).

A chapter in an edited book

Egeland, C. P., Domínguez-Rodrigo, M. & Barba, R. in Deconstructing Olduvai: A Taphonomic Study of the Bed I Sites (eds. Egido, R. B. & Egeland, C. P.) 33–38 (Springer Netherlands, 2007).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for NPG Asia Materials.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Researchers Develop Highly Effective Vaccine To Diarrhea Causing Bacterium. IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Public Community Colleges and Technical Schools: Most Schools Use Both Credit and Noncredit Programs for Workforce Development. (U.S. Government Printing Office, 2004).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kranz, T. E. Body, Land, and Memory: Counter-Narratives in the Poetry of Minnie Bruce Pratt, Brenda Marie Osbey, and Natasha Trethewey. (2017).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson, G. Beyond Energy, Matter, Time and Space. New York Times D6 (2014).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	NPG Asia Materials
Abbreviation	NPG Asia Mater.
ISSN (print)	1884-4049
ISSN (online)	1884-4057
Scope	General Materials Science Modelling and Simulation Condensed Matter Physics