How to format your references using the North American Journal of Aquaculture citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for North American Journal of Aquaculture. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kephart, J. O. 2011. Computer science. Learning from nature. Science (New York, N.Y.) 331(6018):682–683.

A journal article with 2 authors

Raine, N. E., and R. J. Gill. 2015. Ecology: Tasteless pesticides affect bees in the field. Nature 521(7550):38–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

Di Matteo, T., V. Springel, and L. Hernquist. 2005. Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies. Nature 433(7026):604–607.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Loos, R. J. F., I. Barroso, S. O’rahilly, and N. J. Wareham. 2007. Comment on “A common genetic variant is associated with adult and childhood obesity.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 315(5809):187; author reply 187.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Snopek, L. 2012. The Complete Guide to Portfolio Construction and Management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, UK.

An edited book

Koutsouris, D.-D., and A. A. Lazakidou, editors. 2014. Concepts and Trends in Healthcare Information Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Gregory, M. A., and D. Glance. 2013. Smart Phones. Pages 161–205 in D. Glance, editor. Security and the Networked Society. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for North American Journal of Aquaculture.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2014, December 2. How Trauma Early In Life Influences Later Behavior. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/fathers-stress-may-benefit-offspring/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2014. Medicare Part D: CMS Has Implemented Processes to Oversee Plan Finder Pricing Accuracy and Improve Website Usability. U.S. Government Printing Office, GAO-14-143, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Peters, W. C. 2017. An Evaluation of the Relationship Between Critical Technology Developments and Technology Maturity. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dudiyeva, F., and as Told to. 2005, August 21. Three Days and Forever. New York Times:662.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kephart 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Kephart 2011; Raine and Gill 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Raine and Gill 2015)
Three or more authors: (Loos et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	North American Journal of Aquaculture
Abbreviation	N. Am. J. Aquac.
ISSN (print)	1522-2055
ISSN (online)	1548-8454
Scope	Aquatic Science