How to format your references using the New Writing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for New Writing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Farrar, Jeremy. 2012. “H5N1 Surveillance: Shift Expertise to Where It Matters.” Nature 483 (7391): 534–535.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dasgupta, Rajdeep, and Marc M. Hirschmann. 2006. “Melting in the Earth’s Deep Upper Mantle Caused by Carbon Dioxide.” Nature 440 (7084): 659–662.

A journal article with 3 authors

Blöchliger, Nicolas, Andreas Vitalis, and Amedeo Caflisch. 2014. “High-Resolution Visualisation of the States and Pathways Sampled in Molecular Dynamics Simulations.” Scientific Reports 4 (September): 6264.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Ransom, Scott M., Jason W. T. Hessels, Ingrid H. Stairs, Paulo C. C. Freire, Fernando Camilo, Victoria M. Kaspi, and David L. Kaplan. 2005. “Twenty-One Millisecond Pulsars in Terzan 5 Using the Green Bank Telescope.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 307 (5711): 892–896.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Robson Wright, Margaret. 2005. An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi. 2015. Gas Separation Membranes: Polymeric and Inorganic. Edited by Kailash Chandra Khulbe and Takeshi Matsuura. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Bouguelia, Mohamed-Rafik, Yolande Belaïd, and Abdel Belaïd. 2015. “Online Unsupervised Neural-Gas Learning Method for Infinite Data Streams.” In Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods: International Conference, ICPRAM 2013 Barcelona, Spain, February 15-18, 2013 Revised Selected Papers, edited by Ana Fred and Maria De Marsico, 57–70. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for New Writing.

Blog post

Andrews, Robin. 2016. “Tropical Cyclones Will Become Less Common But Far More Intense Thanks To Climate Change.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/tropical-cyclones-will-become-less-common-but-far-more-intense-thanks-to-climate-change/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2013. Pipeline Safety: Better Data and Guidance Needed to Improve Pipeline Operator Incident Response. GAO-13-168. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Griffith, Ashley. 2017. “The Curious Case of Implementation: Enactment of the California Community College Student Equity Initiative.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, Mary J. O. 2016. “When Castro Put Out the Welcome Mat for Americans in 1959.” New York Times, May 6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Farrar 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Farrar 2012; Dasgupta and Hirschmann 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dasgupta and Hirschmann 2006)
Three authors: (Blöchliger, Vitalis, and Caflisch 2014)
4 or more authors: (Ransom et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	New Writing
ISSN (print)	1479-0726
ISSN (online)	1943-3107
Scope	Literature and Literary Theory