How to format your references using the Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Guthrie RD. New carbon dates link climatic change with human colonization and Pleistocene extinctions. Nature. 2006;441:207–209.

A journal article with 2 authors

Walter P, Ron D. The unfolded protein response: from stress pathway to homeostatic regulation. Science. 2011;334:1081–1086.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rojas JP, Torres Sevilla GA, Hussain MM. Can we build a truly high performance computer which is flexible and transparent? Sci Rep. 2013;3:2609.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Tilstra JS, Gaddy DF, Zhao J, et al. Pharmacologic IKK/NF-κB inhibition causes antigen presenting cells to undergo TNFα dependent ROS-mediated programmed cell death. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3631.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baldi P, Frasconi P, Smyth P. Modeling the Internet and the Web: Probabilistic Methods and Algorithms. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2002.

An edited book

Pfenning F, editor. Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures: 16th International Conference, FOSSACS 2013, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2013, Rome, Italy, March 16-24, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Zimmermann RJ. Equity Considerations in the Access to Higher Education in Central and Eastern Europe. In: Zajda J, Biraimah K, Gaudelli W, editors. Education and Social Inequality in the Global Culture. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2008. p. 71–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neurology.

Blog post

Andrew E. The Chance to Rescue the World’s Oceans From Climate Change is Drifting Away [online]. IFLScience IFLScience; 2015. Accessed at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/chance-rescue-world-s-oceans-climate-change-drifting-away/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Commercial Space Launch Act: Preliminary Information on Issues to Consider for Reauthorization. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Jun. Report No.: GAO-12-767T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yahyai S. Optimization of a method for testing ballast water for enterococci and an investigation on the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in vibrio cholerae [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. In Detroit Ruling, Threats to Promises and Assumptions. New York Times. 2013.:A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Neurology
Abbreviation	Neurology
ISSN (print)	0028-3878
ISSN (online)	1526-632X
Scope	Clinical Neurology