How to format your references using the Neurological Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neurological Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baxter S (2000) From Caribbean to Clementine. Nature 403:485

A journal article with 2 authors

Keklikoglou I, De Palma M (2014) Cancer: Metastasis risk after anti-macrophage therapy. Nature 515:46–47

A journal article with 3 authors

Tay Y, Rinn J, Pandolfi PP (2014) The multilayered complexity of ceRNA crosstalk and competition. Nature 505:344–352

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chao W, Huynh KD, Spencer RJ, et al (2002) CTCF, a candidate trans-acting factor for X-inactivation choice. Science 295:345–347

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pevsner J (2005) Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Gunopulos D, Hofmann T, Malerba D, Vazirgiannis M (2011) Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: European Conference, ECML PKDD 2011, Athens, Greece, September 5-9, 2011. Proceedings, Part I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Moisan M, Pelletier J (2012) Introduction to the Physics of HF Discharges. In: Pelletier J (ed) Physics of Collisional Plasmas: Introduction to High-Frequency Discharges. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 337–385

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neurological Sciences.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Dinosaurs May Have Been Cooing To Each Other. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Credit Reporting Literacy: Consumers Understood the Basics but Could Benefit from Targeted Educational Efforts. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bai H (2008) High Temperature Proton-Exchange and Fuel Processing Membranes for Fuel Cells and Other Applications. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M, Lehren AW (2014) Modified Training for Children Stirs New Debates. New York Times B14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Neurological Sciences
Abbreviation	Neurol. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1590-1874
ISSN (online)	1590-3478
Scope	General Medicine Dermatology Clinical Neurology Psychiatry and Mental health