How to format your references using the Neuroinformatics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neuroinformatics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Manchester, R. N. (2004). Observational properties of pulsars. Science (New York, N.Y.), 304(5670), 542–546.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rizzoli, S. O., & Betz, W. J. (2004). The structural organization of the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5666), 2037–2039.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cacciuto, A., Auer, S., & Frenkel, D. (2004). Onset of heterogeneous crystal nucleation in colloidal suspensions. Nature, 428(6981), 404–406.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Finnerty, J. R., Pang, K., Burton, P., Paulson, D., & Martindale, M. Q. (2004). Origins of bilateral symmetry: Hox and dpp expression in a sea anemone. Science (New York, N.Y.), 304(5675), 1335–1337.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kumar, V., & Petersen, J. A. (2012). Statistical Methods in Customer Relationship Management. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Lagorio, S. L. (2016). Early Cretaceous Volcanism in Central and Eastern Argentina During Gondwana Break-Up. (H. Vizán & S. E. Geuna, Eds.). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Lv, C., Qiang, R., Fan, F., & Yang, J. (2015). Knowledge-Based Query Expansion in Real-Time Microblog Search. In G. Zuccon, S. Geva, H. Joho, F. Scholer, A. Sun, & P. Zhang (Eds.), Information Retrieval Technology: 11th Asia Information Retrieval Societies Conference, AIRS 2015, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, December 2-4, 2015. Proceedings (pp. 43–55). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neuroinformatics.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, February 9). Competing Parasites Sabotage Each Other. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/competing-parasites-sabotage-each-other/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1995). School Facilities: Accessibility for the Disabled Still an Issue (No. HEHS-96-73). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crozier, C. F. (2012). A qualitative study of teacher job satisfaction in an evolutionary and mandated change environment (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. (2017, May 13). Familia’s Surgery Has Mets Scrambling in the Bullpen. New York Times, p. D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Manchester 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Manchester 2004; Rizzoli and Betz 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rizzoli and Betz 2004)
Three or more authors: (Finnerty et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Neuroinformatics
Abbreviation	Neuroinformatics
ISSN (print)	1539-2791
ISSN (online)	1559-0089
Scope	Information Systems Software General Neuroscience