How to format your references using the Neurochirurgie citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neurochirurgie. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Shibata D. Cancer. Heterogeneity and tumor history. Science 2012;336:304–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Jacobs HO, Whitesides GM. Submicrometer patterning of charge in thin-film electrets. Science 2001;291:1763–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Corwin EI, Jaeger HM, Nagel SR. Structural signature of jamming in granular media. Nature 2005;435:1075–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Yu B, Yang Z, Li J, Minakhina S, Yang M, Padgett RW, et al. Methylation as a crucial step in plant microRNA biogenesis. Science 2005;307:932–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Tsujimura T. OLED Display Fundamentals and Applications. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

[1]

Qing S, Okamoto E, Kim K, Liu D, editors. Information and Communications Security: 17th International Conference, ICICS 2015, Beijing, China, December 9-11, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 9543. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Kuhn M. Function and Dysfunction of Mammalian Membrane Guanylyl Cyclase Receptors: Lessons from Genetic Mouse Models and Implications for Human Diseases. In: Schmidt HHHW, Hofmann F, Stasch J-P, editors. cGMP: Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009, p. 47–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neurochirurgie.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. Autistic People Are Three Times More Likely To Have Hallucinations. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/autistic-people-are-three-times-more-likely-to-have-hallucinations/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Need To Improve Administration of Fees and Charges of Regulatory Agencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1970.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sinha R. An Integrated Development Environment for the Clara Constraint-Programming Language. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Lasdun J. Odd Coupling. New York Times 2017:BR11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Neurochirurgie
Abbreviation	Neurochirurgie
ISSN (print)	0028-3770
Scope	Clinical Neurology Surgery

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