How to format your references using the Neurochirurgie citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neurochirurgie. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Rausher MD. Comment on “Evolutionary paths underlying flower color variation in Antirrhinum.” Science 2007;315:461; author reply 461.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Mohr JJ, Forsberg R. Remote sensing: searching for new islands in sea ice. Nature 2002;416:35.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Mietto P, Avanzini M, Rolandi G. Palaeontology: Human footprints in Pleistocene volcanic ash. Nature 2003;422:133.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Cui B, Song C, Li F, Wang GY, Mao HJ, Peng JJ, et al. Tuning the entanglement between orbital reconstruction and charge transfer at a film surface. Sci Rep 2014;4:4206.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Eisner H. Managing Complex Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Amara A, Rozeau O, editors. Planar Double-Gate Transistor: From Technology to Circuit. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Asano T, Kirkpatrick D, Nakagawa K, Watanabe O. $\widetilde{O}(\sqrt{n})$ -Space and Polynomial-Time Algorithm for Planar Directed Graph Reachability. In: Csuhaj-Varjú E, Dietzfelbinger M, Ésik Z, editors. Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science 2014: 39th International Symposium, MFCS 2014, Budapest, Hungary, August 25-29, 2014. Proceedings, Part II, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014, p. 45–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neurochirurgie.

Blog post

[1]

Davis J. Infected Zombie Beetles Encourage Males To Have Sex With Their Corpses. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/infected-zombie-beetles-encourage-males-to-have-sex-with-their-corpses/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Postsecondary Education: Student Outcomes Vary at For-Profit, Nonprofit, and Public Schools. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Large KG. A study of Statewide Transfer and Articulation Reporting System (STARS) approved courses completed at an Alabama community college. Doctoral dissertation. Mississippi State University, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kishkovsky S. Submarine’s Namesake City Hurts As Minute After Minute Ticks Away. New York Times 2000:A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Neurochirurgie
Abbreviation	Neurochirurgie
ISSN (print)	0028-3770
Scope	Clinical Neurology Surgery