How to format your references using the Neurochirurgie citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neurochirurgie. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Fenchel T. Microbial behavior in a heterogeneous world. Science 2002;296:1068–71.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Balskus EP, Jacobsen EN. Asymmetric catalysis of the transannular Diels-Alder reaction. Science 2007;317:1736–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Yoshimura K, Onda Y, Fukushima T. Sediment particle size and initial radiocesium accumulation in ponds following the Fukushima DNPP accident. Sci Rep 2014;4:4514.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Brown P, Spalding RE, ReVelle DO, Tagliaferri E, Worden SP. The flux of small near-Earth objects colliding with the Earth. Nature 2002;420:294–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Adamowicz Z, Zbierski P. Logic of Mathematics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1997.

An edited book

[1]

Ortiz G, Tran C, editors. Advances in Service-Oriented and Cloud Computing: Workshops of ESOCC 2014, Manchester, UK, September 2-4, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 508. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Brown R, Klein A, Visco A, Herrera JE. Low Back Pain. In: Cooper G, editor. Therapeutic Uses of Botulinum Toxin, Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2007, p. 39–59.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neurochirurgie.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. Cause For Astronaut Sight Problems Discovered. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/cause-for-astronaut-sight-problems-discovered/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. NASA: Ares I and Orion Project Risks and Key Indicators to Measure Progress. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Cannon MP. Cenozoic kinematics of the Little Pine fault, Santa Maria Basin, California. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Chira S, Martin J. Marchers Map Out Next Steps. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Neurochirurgie
Abbreviation	Neurochirurgie
ISSN (print)	0028-3770
Scope	Clinical Neurology Surgery