How to format your references using the NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schiermeier Q. Call for more accelerator research. Nature 2000;405(6790):988.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cuzzi JN, Alexander CMO. Chondrule formation in particle-rich nebular regions at least hundreds of kilometres across. Nature 2006;441(7092):483–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Xu K, Cao P, Heath JR. Graphene visualizes the first water adlayers on mica at ambient conditions. Science 2010;329(5996):1188–91.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wu Z, Sun X, Sullivan SG, Detels R. Public health. HIV testing in China. Science 2006;312(5779):1475–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brown H, Prescott R. Applied Mixed Models in Medicine. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Hernández-Sánchez H, Gutiérrez-López GF, editors. Food Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

de Garis H. Artificial Brains. In: Goertzel B, Pennachin C, editors. Artificial General Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. p. 159–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery.

Blog post

Davis J. FDA Approves First 3D-Printed Drug. IFLScience. 2015; Accessed Oct 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fda-approves-first-3d-printed-drug/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Implementation of Recommendations Is Under Way, but Completion Will Take Several Years. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Powell JE. Menasha Litigation: Wake-Up Call or Just A False Alarm. 2013;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M. No Longer Thinking Uniformly. New York Times. 2010;E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery
ISSN (print)	2642-0007
Scope