How to format your references using the NDT and E International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for NDT and E International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Endy D. Foundations for engineering biology. Nature 2005;438:449–53.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Zhou BB, Elledge SJ. The DNA damage response: putting checkpoints in perspective. Nature 2000;408:433–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Nieder A, Diester I, Tudusciuc O. Temporal and spatial enumeration processes in the primate parietal cortex. Science 2006;313:1431–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Clark PU, Dyke AS, Shakun JD, Carlson AE, Clark J, Wohlfarth B, et al. The Last Glacial Maximum. Science 2009;325:710–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Zhang B, Qiu D. Sneak Circuits of Power Electronic Converters. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Chao K-M, Hsu T-S, Lee D-T, editors. Algorithms and Computation: 23rd International Symposium, ISAAC 2012, Taipei, Taiwan, December 19-21, 2012. Proceedings. vol. 7676. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Hinkson G, Erskine C, Heerema M, Mallott C, Keefe M, Griffith H. Exporting from Fireworks to the Web. In: Erskine C, Heerema M, Mallott C, Keefe M, Griffith H, Andres C, et al., editors. Foundation Fireworks CS4, Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2009, p. 74–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for NDT and E International.

Blog post

[1]

Taub B. Here’s Why You Shouldn’t Put Tomatoes In The Fridge. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Job Training Partnership Act: Participants, Services, and Outcomes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Besson PS. Affective Organizational Commitment: A Comparative View of the Experience of 5-7 Year Managerial Employees Who Participated in an Employee Identity Network. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Koblin J. AMC and Comcast to Offer A Commercial-Free Option. New York Times 2017:B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	NDT and E International
Abbreviation	NDT E Int.
ISSN (print)	0963-8695
Scope	Mechanical Engineering General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics

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