How to format your references using the Nature Reviews Cancer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nature Reviews Cancer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Swaminathan, M. S. Obituary: Norman E. Borlaug (1914-2009). Nature 461, 894 (2009).

A journal article with 2 authors

Hinton, G. E. & Salakhutdinov, R. R. Reducing the dimensionality of data with neural networks. Science 313, 504–507 (2006).

A journal article with 3 authors

Thompson, J. K., Peterson, M. R. & Freeman, R. D. Single-neuron activity and tissue oxygenation in the cerebral cortex. Science 299, 1070–1072 (2003).

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Hyman, S. D. et al. A powerful bursting radio source towards the Galactic Centre. Nature 434, 50–52 (2005).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Li, H.-X. & Lu, X. System Design and Control Integration for Advanced Manufacturing. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2014).

An edited book

International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011).

A chapter in an edited book

Sernhede, O., Thörn, C. & Thörn, H. The Stockholm Uprising in Context: Urban Social Movements in the Rise and Demise of the Swedish Welfare-State City. in Urban Uprisings: Challenging Neoliberal Urbanism in Europe (eds. Mayer, M., Thörn, C. & Thörn, H.) 149–173 (Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, 2016).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nature Reviews Cancer.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Costa Rica Has Only Used Renewable Energy For Electricity This Year. IFLScience https://www.iflscience.com/environment/costa-rica-has-only-used-renewables-electricity-year/ (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Free Shuttle Service for Commuting Employees on Mississippi River, New Orleans, Louisiana. (1974).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Whidby, M. A. Citation handling: Processing citation texts in scientific documents. (University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, 2012).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Belson, K. & Pilon, M. Round One in Sprints to Jamaica; Briton Takes 10,000. New York Times SP3 (2012).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Nature Reviews Cancer
Abbreviation	Nat. Rev. Cancer
ISSN (print)	1474-175X
ISSN (online)	1474-1768
Scope