How to format your references using the Natural Language Semantics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Natural Language Semantics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Roch, Sebastien. 2010. Toward extracting all phylogenetic information from matrices of evolutionary distances. Science (New York, N.Y.) 327: 1376–1379.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bahr, Karsten, and Fiona Simpson. 2002. Electrical anisotropy below slow- and fast-moving plates: paleoflow in the upper mantle? Science (New York, N.Y.) 295: 1270–1272.

A journal article with 3 authors

Prieto, M. Almudena, Gianfranco Brunetti, and Karl-Heinz Mack. 2002. Particle accelerators in the hot spots of radio galaxy 3C 445, imaged with the VLT. Science (New York, N.Y.) 298: 193–195.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Zhang, Jin, Christopher J. Hupfeld, Susan S. Taylor, Jerrold M. Olefsky, and Roger Y. Tsien. 2005. Insulin disrupts beta-adrenergic signalling to protein kinase A in adipocytes. Nature 437: 569–573.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Irene, Eugene A. 2005. Electronic Materials Science. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Cannon, Keri E., and Thomas J. Hudzik, ed. 2014. Suicide: Phenomenology and Neurobiology. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Bissell, Christopher. 2009. A History of Automatic Control. In Springer Handbook of Automation, ed. Shimon Y. Nof, 53–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Natural Language Semantics.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. Thousands Of Genomes Reveal Human Genetic Differences Around The World. IFLScience. IFLScience. October 8.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1996. Weather Forecasting: Recommendations to Address New Weather Processing System Development Risks. AIMD-96-74. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shelton-Quinn, Anitra. 2009. Increasing positive peer reporting and on -task behavior using a peer monitoring interdependent group contingency program with public posting. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, Sophia. 2000. Hard Feelings. New York Times, September 1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Roch 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Bahr and Simpson 2002; Roch 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bahr and Simpson 2002)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Natural Language Semantics
Abbreviation	Nat. Lang. Semant.
ISSN (print)	0925-854X
ISSN (online)	1572-865X
Scope	Philosophy Linguistics and Language