How to format your references using the Nanoscience and Technology: An International Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nanoscience and Technology: An International Journal (NST). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P., Argentina’s Pivotal Moment, Nature, vol. 451, no. 7177, pp. 494–96, January 24, 2008.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sennett, R. and Rendl, M., Developmental Biology. A Scar Is Born: Origins of Fibrotic Skin Tissue, Science (New York, N.Y.), vol. 348, no. 6232, pp. 284–85, April 17, 2015.

A journal article with 3 authors

Xu, Y., Ramu, Y. and Lu, Z., Removal of Phospho-Head Groups of Membrane Lipids Immobilizes Voltage Sensors of K+ Channels, Nature, vol. 451, no. 7180, pp. 826–29, February 14, 2008.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Bromm, V., Yoshida, N., Hernquist, L. and McKee, C. F., The Formation of the First Stars and Galaxies, Nature, vol. 459, no. 7243, pp. 49–54, May 7, 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Toutain, L. and Minaburo, A., Local Networks and the Internet, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013.

An edited book

Oris, M., Roberts, C., Joye, D., and Ernst Stähli, M. Eds., Surveying Human Vulnerabilities across the Life Course, Cham: Springer International Publishing, VI, 242 p. 23 illus, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Suijkerbuijk, K. P. M., Wall, E. van der and Diest, P. J. van, Hormone Receptors in Breast Cancer, in Molecular Pathology of Breast Cancer, S. Badve and Y. Gökmen-Polar, Eds., Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 45–58, 2016.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nanoscience and Technology: An International Journal.

Blog post

Hale, T., Which Countries Consume The Most Antidepressants?, IFLScience, November 11, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, Highway Projects: Extent of Unobligated Balances for Demonstration Projects, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-01-985R, Aug. 31, 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Seipert, K. G., A Correlational Analysis of the Values of Baby Boomer and Generation X Rural Public School Principals, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M. W., U.S. Faulted Over Pay at Rescued Firms, New York Times, January 24, 2012.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik, 2008; Sennett et al., 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sennett et al., 2015)
Three or more authors: (Bromm et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nanoscience and Technology: An International Journal
ISSN (print)	2572-4258
ISSN (online)	2572-4266
Scope