How to format your references using the Nano Communication Networks citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nano Communication Networks. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. Smaglik, Recruitment blueprint, Nature 422 (2003) 95.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. Hermisson, A.P. McGregor, Pleiotropic scaling and QTL data, Nature 456 (2008) E3; discussion E4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

K.I. Powell, J.M. Chase, T.M. Knight, Invasive plants have scale-dependent effects on diversity by altering species-area relationships, Science 339 (2013) 316–318.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

D.W. Jeong, W.S. Choi, S. Okamoto, J.-Y. Kim, K.W. Kim, S.J. Moon, D.-Y. Cho, H.N. Lee, T.W. Noh, Dimensionality control of d-orbital occupation in oxide superlattices, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6124.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S. Ward, TraderMind, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

S.H. Blackmon, M.P. Kim, K.J. Dickinson, eds., Atlas of Esophageal Disease and Intervention: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Springer, New York, NY, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Y. Yang, X. Ding, R.H. Deng, F. Bao, An Efficient PIR Construction Using Trusted Hardware, in: T.-C. Wu, C.-L. Lei, V. Rijmen, D.-T. Lee (Eds.), Information Security: 11th International Conference, ISC 2008, Taipei, Taiwan, September 15-18, 2008. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008: pp. 64–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nano Communication Networks.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Fossilized Brain of World’s Earliest Predator Found, IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Information Technology: A Statistical Study of Acquisition Time, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K. Edwards, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Social Narratives: Personalization of Delivery via Brief Experimental Analysis, Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Landler, G. Harris, In Retaliation, U.S. Tells Russia to Shut Consulate And 2 Diplomatic Offices, New York Times (2017) A7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Nano Communication Networks
Abbreviation	Nano Commun. Netw.
ISSN (print)	1878-7789
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Electrical and Electronic Engineering Applied Mathematics